Information :
Movies are changing right before our eyes. Before
too long, most of them will be "3D". 3D television is now here too. And
digital cameras are changing. In summer 2009, Fujifilm introduced the
first compact 3D digital camera for consumers.
The new 3D movies are made with a very cool
whiz-bang technology that has been around for more than 150 years.
That's right. This is not new stuff.
The
technology is called stereography and it is pretty simple. It is stereo
for the eyes. Everyone is familiar with stereo sound. You have two ears
about eight inches apart, and so stereo music has a left and right
channel. Well you also have two eyes about two inches apart, and they
allow you to see depth.
We see and hear the world from two different
angles, and our brains process the information into a single picture or
sound that has depth and dimension. Stereo recordings use two
microphones, and stereo photos use two lenses.
Just hold up a finger at arm's length. Look at
it with both eyes. Then look at it with one eye. Then the other. Notice
how the backgound shifts? The distance between our eyes causes this,
and it enables us to see depth in the world around us.
As a predatory animal the ability to gauge
depth enabled us to throw rocks and spears with accuracy and move to the
top of the food chain. Cover one eye and try hitting a baseball. Not
very easy.
The English physicist Sir Charles Wheatstone
was the first to demonstrate this phenomenon by making drawings from the
viewpoints of each eye. He made a device with mirrors to demonstate the
phenomenon, and gave it a name of Greek derivation, "stereoscope."
Stereographs
are remarkable, often breathtaking, slices of reality that can
transport the viewer out of body. When people first see a good
stereograph the response is almost always "WOW!"
The first 2D photographs were made in the
1830s and the first 3D stereographs were made about a decade later, in
the 1840s. From 1860 to 1920 practically every middle-class and upper
class home had a stereoviewer and a drawer full of stereocards. In its
heyday it was the way we saw the pyramids, the Taj Mahal, Big Ben, and
the Great War. It was the television of its day.
With the popularization of movies, then
newsreels, and finally television, interest in stereography waned. It
enjoyed a niche revival in the 1950s with the popularity of View-Master.
Since View-Master was introduced in 1939, one billion reels and 100
million viewers have been sold, mostly in the 1950s.
Then in the late 1990s, IMAX introduced a new
stereo movie projection system that, along with computer graphics and
virtual reality machines, promises to increase the number of devotees,
collectors, and creators. In 2009 more than a dozen major motion
pictures were released in 3D and in 2010 dozens of films will be in 3D.
Several television manufacturers are working on 3D monitors for
computers and the living room, and the new Fujifilm FinePix REAL 3D W1,
introduced in 2009 likely is the leading edge of the next digital camera
revolution (to read more about it).
At the dawn of the new millennium, the craft of stereography is evolving into an artform. This site tracks that evolution.
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